SolBio-Rev

Solar-Biomass Reversible energy system for covering a large share of energy needs in buildings

The project will develop a flexible energy system suitable for building integration based on renewables for covering a large share of energy demand (heating/cooling/electricity). The overall objective is to develop a configuration based on renewables that allows covering all heating and cooling demand and a variable electricity demand (from zero up to even 100%) in a cost-effective manner. This configuration is based on solar, ambient and bioenergy, while it is suitable for various buildings types and sizes without any geographical restriction. The main technologies included have already proven their performance and they are combined with the aim to exploit all possible energy flows/sources, ensuring their cost-effectiveness compared to standard solutions. The SolBio-Rev concept is based on solar thermal collectors with vacuum tubes combined with thermoelectrics, a cascade thermal chiller with electrical-driven heat pump for very high performance under cooling operation even at extreme hot conditions, a reversible heat pump/ORC for enhancing flexibility and switching operating modes between summer and winter, exploiting all available solar heat, and an advanced biomass boiler coupled with the above ORC for CHP operation. A smart control is also envisaged to manage and optimise the system operation with user-friendly features.

Partners:
National Technical University of Athens – Greece (Coordinator),Friedrich - Alexander-Universitaet Erlangen Nuernberg, FAHRENHEIT GmbH, Consiglo Nazionale delle Ricerche, T.E.A.V.E LTD, AKOTEC Produktionsgesellschaft MBH, Universidad de Lleida, DAIKIN Airconditioning Hellas SA, The University of Sussex, DBC EUROPE, TECHLINK ASBL, Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie, OKOFEN Forschungs-und Enticklungs GmbH, STRABAG BELGIUM, Universita degli Studi di Messina

Project duration: May 2019 - April 2023
Financing:H2020-LC-SC3-2018-RES-TwoStages
Overall Project Budget:€ 4,790,536.25 (100% EC contribution)
LSBTP-NTUA Budget:€ 844,250.00 (100% EC contribution)
Scientific Responsible: Prof. S.Karellas
Website: http://www.solbiorev.eu/

SWS-HEATING

Development and Validation of an Innovative Solar Compact Selective-Water-Sorbent-Based Heating System

SWS-HEATING is developing an innovative seasonal thermal energy storage (STES) unit with a novel storage material and creative configuration based on a sorbent material embedded in a compact multi-modular sorption STES unit. This will allow to store and shift the harvested solar energy available abundantly during the summer to less sunny and colder winter periods, thus covering a large part of domestic heating and hot water demand all year round.
Τhe project plans to develop a compact and high-performing STES system at low cost. It will then commission a building prototype including the SWS-heating system which will be tested and validated in Germany and Sweden. The long-term goal is to contribute to the development of solar-active houses throughout the EU.
The goal for this solar heating technology, is to meet over 60% of energy demand of buildings located in Northern and Central Europe with solar energy and to reach 80% of energy demand in South Europe.
The project also includes dissemination and communication activities to ensure outreach of its results. Moreover, exploitation activities include long-term deployment path development through a technology roadmap.

Partners:
National Technical University of Athens – Greece (Coordinator), Universidad de lleida Spain, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche – Italy, Fahrenheit AG Germany, Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg Germany, User Feedback Program SL Spain, Universita Degli Studi di Perugia Italy, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation, Akotec Productionsgesellschaft MBH Germany, TEAVE Ltd Greece, Phase Change Material Products Ltd UK, AIREC AB Sweden, The University of Sussex, UK, SINAGRO Enginyeria SLP Spain, Kokorelia Architects ltd United Kingdom, Kungliga Tekniska Hoegskolan Sweden.
Project duration: June 2018 - May 2022
Financing: H2020-LCE-2017-RES-RIA-TwoStage
Overall Project Budget: 5,236,488.75 (4,994,926.25 Euro EC contribution)
LSBTP-NTUA Budget: 710,625.00 (100% EC contribution)
Scientific Responsible: Prof. S.Karellas
Website: http://swsheating.eu/

BIOCON CO2

BIOtechnological processes based on microbial platforms for the CONversion of CO2 from Iron steel industry into commodities for chemicals and plastics

The main objective of BIOCON-CO2 is to develop and validate in industrially relevant environment a flexible platform to biologically transform CO2 into added-value chemicals and plastics. The versatility and flexibility of the platform, based on 3 main stages (CO2 solubilization, bioprocess and downstream) will be proved by developing several technologies and strategies for each stage that will be combined as puzzle pieces. BIOCON-CO2 will develop 4 MCFs based on low-energy biotechnological processes using CO2 from iron&steel industry as a direct feedstock to produce 4 commodities with application in chemicals and plastics sectors using 3 different biological systems: anaerobic microorganisms (C3-C6 alcohols by Clostridia), aerobic microorganisms (3-hydroxypropionic acid by Acetobacter) and enzymes (formic acid by recombinant resting E. coli cells and lactic acid by multi-enzymatic system). The technologic, socio-economic and environmental
feasibility of the processes will be assessed to ensure their future industrial implementation, replicability and transfer to other CO2 sources, such as gas streams from cement and electricity generation industries. BIOCON-CO2 will overcome the current challenges of the industrial scale implementation of the biotechnologies routes for CO2 reuse by developing
engineered enzymes, immobilization in nanomaterials, genetic and metabolic approaches, strain acclimatization, engineered carbonic anhydrases, pressurized fermentation, trickle bed reactor using advanced materials and electrofermentation. The project aims to capture at least 4% of the total market share at medium term (1.4Mtonnes CO2/year) and 10% at long term (3.5Mtonnes CO2/year) contributing to reduce EU dependency from fuel oils and support the EU leadership in CO2 reuse technologies. Policy recommendations and public perception and acceptance will be explored and a commercialization strategy will be executed by a detailed exploitation plan and technology transfer.

Partners:
Acondicionamiento Tarrasense Association, ArcelorMittal NV Belgium, ARKEMA France, Fraunhofer Gesellschaft Germany, National Technical University of Athens , Pervatech BV Netherlands, Rheinish-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Stichting Waseningen Research NL, ARTTIC France, AquaTT UETP Ltd Ireland, Nutrition Sciences NV Belgium, Nesher Israel Cement Enterprises LTD, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, AES GENER S.A. Chile, Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant VZW Belgium, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Fundacion Tecnalia Research & Innovation Spain, Covestro Deutschland AG.
Project duration: January 2018 - December 2021
Financing: H2020-NMBP-2016-2017
Overall Project Budget: 6,999,886.25 Euro (100% Euro EC contribution)
LSBTP-NTUA Budget: 413,825.00 Euro (100% EC contribution)
Scientific Responsible: Prof. S.Karellas
Website: https://biocon-co2.eu/

M-BENEFITS

Valuing and Communicating Multiple Benefits of Energy-Efficiency Measures

Research suggests that the industrial and service sectors, which account for 40% of final energy consumption in the EU, offer substantial potential for cost-effective energy savings. However, an under-investment in energy-efficiency is observed in all countries due to the persistent existence of barriers. One key barrier is that companies do not consider energy use as a contributor to their competitive advantage. On the other hand, many frequently observed multiple benefits (MBs) of energy efficiency– such as improved product quality, higher flexibility, reduced production time, reduced production loss, increased safety, reduced operational, commercial, legal or climate change risks - represent important core business benefits for companies. Thus, MBs enhance both the strategic character and financial attractiveness of energy efficiency projects in companies. The project aims at including MBs of energy efficiency in investment decisions of companies and thereby substantially increasing the deployment of cost-effective energy saving potentials

Partners:
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Germany, University of Lausanne, Utrecht University, University of Oxford, BORG & CO AB, BPIE Belgium, Grazer Energy Agency, IREES GmbH, FIRE Italy, KAPE Poland, NTUA LSBTP, University of Coimbra, Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts, University of Applied Sciences and Arts-Western Switzerland.
Project duration: March 2018 - February 2021
Financing: H2020-EE-2017-CSA-PPI
Overall Project Budget: 1,866,490.00 Euro (100% Euro EC contribution)
LSBTP-NTUA Budget: 81,258.75 Euro (100% EC contribution)
Scientific Responsible: Prof. S.Karellas
Website: www.mbenefits.eu

HYBUILD

Highly efficient hybrid storage solutions for power and heat in residential buildings and district areas, balancing the supply and demand conditions

The overall objective of the HYBUILD project is the development of two innovative compact hybrid electrical/thermal storage systems for stand-alone and district connected buildings. The two concepts will be developed for ensuring comfort condition in residential buildings located in two different climates: one for Mediterranean climate, where cooling season operation is particularly critical, and another one for Continental climate, where criticalities mainly concern the heating season operation. Both systems will be able to efficiently cover also heating and cooling demand respectively.
The aforementioned systems aim to enhance the penetration of renewables in the building sector, by efficiently converting solar energy to electricity (via photovoltaics) and heat (via a DC driven heat pump) and storing the produced energy either in batteries (as electricity) or in high density latent thermal storage modules (based on PCMs). Especially for the Mediterranean concept, solar thermal collectors will drive a two bed sorption chiller, providing an extra storage module or increasing the electricity-to-heat conversion efficiency.

Partners:
COMSA Corporación de Infraestructuras (Coordinator), Universidad de Lleida, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Nobatek, CSEM Centre Suisse d’Électronique et de Microtechnique – Recherche et Developpement, Accademia Europea di Bolzano, Fahrenheit AG, Mikrometal, Sviluppo Tecnologie e Ricerca Per L'edilizia Sismicamente Sicura ed Ecosostenibile, National Technical University of Athens, Fresnex, Engineering – Ingegneria Informatica, Daikin Air-Conditioning Greece, Ochsner Wδrmepumpen, University of Cyprus, Ajuntament Almatret, AKG Verwal tungsgesellschaft, R2M Solution France, Municipalityof Aglantzia, Pink GnbH - Energie und Speichertechnik
Project duration: October 2017 - October 2021
Financing: H2020-EEB-2016-2017
Overall Project Budget: 5,995,840.00 Euro (100% Euro EC contribution)
LSBTP-NTUA Budget: 288,750.00 Euro (100% EC contribution)
Scientific Responsible: Prof. S.Karellas
Website: www.hybuild.eu

ZEOSOL

Integrated solar heating and cooling unit based on a novel zeolite chiller and heat pump

The project aims at developing a new advanced solar cooling and heating product, using advanced heat exchanger technology and integrating a heat pump for covering peak demand. This new product uses synergies between the technologies of thermal chillers (heat to cooling technology) and heat pump (electricity to cooling technology) and combines know-how on design and manufacturing of adsorption chillers and solar thermal collectors in Germany, with the know-how in heat pump and dry cooling systems of consortium partners. The main innovation of the project is the adsorption chiller unit based on a patented zeolite coating technology, reducing the unit’s volume and cost by about two times. This new product is expected to become cost-effective and with high flexibility for providing both cooling (during summer) and heating (during winter) from the same compact product, being more competitive than existing mainstream solution, reducing energy costs of the end-users and leading to short ROI. The main target market is the heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) market, with the ambition to become front-runners and provide the first cost-effective product, with low maintenance requirements. The target cost is to reach just 2000 €/kW (with solar field and cooling, heating and thermal storage included) and secure a short return on investment. The new product will be commercialized by a new joint venture. The initial target markets are in Greece, Italy and Germany, while further expansion steps will follow once sales increase.

Partners:
National Technical University of Athens (Coordinator), Akotec Produktionsgesellschaft mbH, FAHRENHEIT, DIADIKASIA Business Consultants S.A., Il Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (Cnr),
Project duration: June 2017 - November 2019
Financing: H2020-FTIPilot-2016
Overall Project Budget: 2,741,375.00 Euro (2,167,437.50 Euro EC contribution)
LSBTP-NTUA Budget: 493,875.00 Euro (100% EC contribution)
Scientific Responsible: Associate Prof. S.Karellas
Website: zeosol.eu

Biofficiency

Highly-efficient biomass CHP plants by handling ash-related problems

Within the project it will be investigated how to handle ash-related problems in order to increase steam temperatures up to 600°C in biomass-based CHP plants, including pulverised fuel and fluidised bed systems. The major aspects are fly ash formation, the use of additives, and pre-treatment technologies for difficult fuels. This leads to highly reduced emissions, in particular CO2 and fine particulates, as well as a secure and sustainable energy production. The project approach addresses current bottlenecks in solid biomass combustion, namely enhanced deposit formation, corrosion and ash utilisation by a variety of new, promising technologies. The goal is to deepen the understanding of fly ash formation, to improve current biomass pre-treatment technologies, as well as to contribute to the field of biomass ash utilisation.

Partners:
Technical University of Munich (Coordinator), Dong Energy Thermal Power As, Technical Universtity of Denmark, Technical Research Centre of Finland, Valmet Technologies Oy, ABO Akademi, NTUA – LSBTP, Energy Research Center of the Netherlands, Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Europe GmbH, Laborelec Lab., Metsä Fibre.
Project duration: November 2016 - October 2019
Financing: H2020-LCE-2016-RES-CCS-RIA
Overall Project Budget: 4.603.760 Euro (4.603.760 Euro EC contribution)
LSBTP-NTUA Budget: 277.500 Euro (100% EC contribution)
Scientific Responsible: Associate Prof. S.Karellas

For additional information please visit: http://www.biofficiency.eu/

CO₂ GLASS

The project "CO₂ reduction in the ETS glass industry by means of waste heat utilization" aims at the competitiveness improvement of the European glass industry in the frame of the European Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) and at confrontation of the requirements arising from a Low Carbon Economy.
The project aims at energy recovery from waste heat from the glass production process at Drujba Glassworks SA in Bulgaria while the possibilities of extending this option to 4 additional facilities in Greece , Bulgaria and Romania will be explored. The project’s results will be disseminated to at least 400 glass production operators subject to the EU ETS Directive while the specific CO2 emission factor of the ETS installation in Bulgaria with mean annual emissions of 40 ktCO2 is expected to decrease by approx. 8%.

Partners:
LSBTP - NTUA (Coordinator), Drujba Glassworks S.A.,
Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH-CPERI)
Project duration: December 2013 - November 2018
Financing: CIP-EIP 2013
Overall Project Budget: 924.538,28 Euro (693.403,71 Euro EC contribution)
LSBTP-NTUA Budget: 146.294,62 Euro (109.720,97 Euro EC contribution)
Scientific Responsible: Associate Prof. S.Karellas

Three Workshops within 2018 in Sofia, Bulgaria,on May 3rd, in Brussels on September 18th and in Düsseldorf on October 24th: "CO2 reduction in the European Trading Scheme (ETS) Glass industry by means of waste heat utilization”. Open for participation to ETS operators.

Information concerning the SILC Action: Sustainable Industry Low Carbon scheme (SILC) I - Short-term innovation measures - Action 67/G/ENT/CIP/13/D/N03S02

Deliverables related to the project:
Waste heat recovery options in a small sized ETS glass industry Public Report
Waste heat recovery at the glass industry with the intervention of batch and cullet preheating Journal Publication - Thermal Science 2016, Dolianitis I. et al.
The potential of WHR/batch and cullet preheating for energy efficiency in the EU ETS glass industry and the related energy incentives Journal Publication - Energy Efficiency - Springer Nature 2017, Karellas S. et al.
Replication potential of WHR application with Batch Preheating for specific CO2 emission reduction in the ETS Glass Industry Public Report

EXP-HEAT

Energy recovery in new and retrofitted heat pumps using a dedicated expander concept

The strategic technical objective of the project is to improve the performance, durability and robustness of heat pump units, by integrating a new reciprocating or hydraulic piston type expander and optimizing its design and combined operation at a wide operation range. This concept will finally lead to performance increase, while keeping the cost of the expander low, in order for the specific operational cost and pay-back-period of this combined unit to be significantly reduced. The overall objective of the project is to open new markets for the participating SMEs, and further develop new products and services, in order to magnify their business cycle.
Partners:
LSBTP - NTUA (Coordinator) Universita Degli Studi di Firenze, Kunglica Tekniska Hoegskolan, Thermogas, Officine Mario Dorin Spa, Eureftec AB, HANSA-TMp SRL
Project duration: December 2013 - March 2017
Financing: FP7 - SME's
Overall Project Budget: 1.773.520 Euro (1.369.104 Euro EC contribution)
LSBTP-NTUA Budget: 356.800 Euro (100% EC contribution)
Scientific Responsible: Associate Prof. S.Karellas

For additional information please visit: http://www.expheat.eu

CO₂freeSNG 2

Advanced Substitute Natural Gas from Coal with Internal Sequestration of CO₂

The project acts as the continuation of the RFCS project CO₂freeSNG which focused on the conversion of coal into Substitute Natural Gas (SNG) by means of methanation of coal derived syngas in the 50-500 MW range.The current project focuses on a pre-pilot scale demonstration of the complete process chain in order to improve the technological basis for a demonstration at a commercial scale.
Partners:
FAU (Coordinator), AIR LIQUIDE Fors, DWGV, GLOWNY, LSBTP-NTUA
Project duration: July 2013 - June 2016
Financing: EC - RFCS
Overall Project Budget: 1.837.786 Euro (1.102.671 EC contribution)
LSBTP-NTUA Budget: 404.795 Euro (242.877 Euro EC contribution)
Scientific Responsible: Associate Prof. S.Karellas
For additional information please visit: http://www.co2freesng20.eu

CAPSOL

Design technologies for multi-scale innovation and integration in post-combustion CO2 capture from molecules to unit operations and integrated plants
The project involves the development of innovative pre combustion CO₂ capture technologies with solvents in power plants.
Partners:
CERTH-CPERI (Coordinator), UNIMAN, UPB, ICL, UPAN, ETH, MONTZ, PPC, CAO, PDC, SCC, LSBTP-NTUA
Project duration: November 2011 - October 2014
Financing: FP7
Overall Project Budget: 3.255.110 Euro (2.337.282 Euro EC contribution)
LSBTP-NTUA Budget: 250.000 Euro (190.780 Euro EC contribution)
Scientific Responsible: Prof. E.Kakaras
Project website: http://www.capsol-project.eu/

CO₂TRACCS

With energy production sectors based mostly on fossil fuel combustion,many Black Sea region countries are interested in applying CCS for reducing their CO₂ emissions, including the development of CO₂ transportation infrastructure on their territory. Although the technology related to CO₂ transportation is considered to be known from similar activities (e.g. natural gas networks), there were additional specific design considerations and a number of fundamentally important risks and hazards specific for CO₂ transportation that needed to be investigated.

In this respect, the research project CO₂Transportation Risk Assesment for Carbon Capture and Storage addressed:

• the thermodynamic analysis and modelling of pure CO₂ and its mixtures with other impurities, such as H₂S, N₂, water etc, over a wide range of temperatures and pressures and the design of CO₂ transportation pipelines,
• the risk analysis of important risks related to CO₂ pipeline transportation, namely landslide, seismic, corrosion, design and construction error risk. Risk assessment guidelines were developed based on the obtained results.

Partners:
LSBTP - NTUA (Coordinator), ISPE, TUS, METU
Project duration: December 2011 - January 2014
Financing: Black Sea-ERANET
Overall Project Budget: 289.414,26 Euro (234.673,40 EC contribution)
LSBTP-NTUA Budget: 87800 Euro (100% EC contribution)
Scientific Responsible: Prof. E.Kakaras

For further information, visit: CO2TRACCS page

CACHET II

Capture and storage of CO₂ is a large-scale option for significant long-term emissions reduction in Europe. Whilst some CO₂ capture technology is available today, the main barriers to deployment are high capital cost and low energy efficiency. The CACHET II project overcame these barriers targeting CO₂ free power production applied to both NGCC and Integrated Gasification and Combined Cycle (IGCC). Hydrogen (H₂) permeable membrane reactors are an attractive technology for pre-combustion carbon dioxide capture in both coal and gas fired power stations because they combine the efficient conversion of syngas into hydrogen fuel with capture of the remaining carbon dioxide in one reactor. The carbon dioxide is produced at high pressure, reducing the compression energy for transport and storage. The CACHET II project brought together a European-Chinese consortium with the required skills to further advance the development of Pd and Pd alloy membranes and to develop new membrane materials and widen Pd-alloy application into solid fuel gasification with carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture.

The objective of the CACHET II project had been to increase the energy efficiency of Carbon Dioxide Capture from gas and solid fuels power production by pre-combustion capture to:

• Greater than 50% net electric efficiency for a Natural Gas Combined Cycle (NGCC)
• IGCC energy efficiency penalty less than 6-8%pts for CO2 capture

Partners:
BP (Coordinator), ECN, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, TECHNIP, SINTEF, Ins, LSBTP - NTUA

Project duration: January 2010 - December 2012
Financing: FP7-ENERGY-2009-1
Overall Project Budget: 5.235.317 Euro(EC contribution 3.899.944 Euro )
LSBTP-NTUA Budget: 415.000 Euro (EC contribution 336.250 Euro )
Scientific Responsible: Prof. E.Kakaras
For further information, visit the web site of the project here

CO₂freeSNG

Substitute Natural Gas from Coal with Internal Sequestration of CO2

The main objective of this project is to investigate and evaluate the options and restrictions of applying methanation technologies, which are actually under development for biomass derived SNG, also for the upgrading of coal. Steam-blown gasification technologies are available in the scale range between 500 kWthermal and 10 MWthermal. The technologies have been developed for the conversion biomass in small and medium-scale plants. An application of these technologies for coal needs an upscale at least by a factor of 10 in order to achieve efficiencies comparable with state-of-the-art coal fired power plants. The application of steam-blown biomass gasification technologies for the gasification of coal and lignite needs therefore a detailed examination of technical barriers and the scalability of these technologies. Further challenges come in particular from the chemical composition of coal (ash and sulphur content).
Thus the consortium conducted: a) gasification tests with coal at an existing gasification pilot plant, b) lab-scale methanation experiments with coal derived syngas, c) process and gasifier layout for large-scale applications, d) feasibility study and basic layout for a 5 MW pilot plant

Partners:
TU Graz, Highterm, DVGW, LSBTP-NTUA
Project duration: July 2009 - June 2012
Financing: Research Fund for Coal and Steel (RFCS)
Overall Project Budget: 1.661.353 Euro (996.812 Euro EC contribution)
LSBTP-NTUA Budget: 200.028 Euro ( 120.017 Euro EC contribution)
Scientific Responsible: Prof. E.Kakaras

http://www.co2freesng.eu/

Poly-Stabilat

Polygeneration through Gasification utilizing Stabilat (Secondary Fuels derived from municipal solid waste)

The project comprises large-scale demonstration of the gasification of a solid fuel coming from Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), called Stabilat. The produced gas can be further combusted in a boiler, producing combined heat and power. Furthermore, a high quality novel biofuel can be provided to the fuel market. The project's outcome is a poly-generation concept where power, heat and novel biofuels are produced.
Partners:
Herhof Recycling Centre Osnabruek GmbH (HRO), Free University Brussels (VUB), University of Stuttgart (USTUTT), LSBTP-NTUA
Project duration: October 2008 - October 2011
Financing: FP7-ENERGY
Overall Project Budget: 7.563.452 Euro (4.269.804 Euro EC contribution)
LSBTP-NTUA Budget: 594.220 Euro (441.360 EC Contribution)
Scientific Responsible: Prof. E.Kakaras

BISON

The project objective, titled “Changing the heating market mechanisms: Boiler Information System on Efficiency - Acronym: BISON” that was part-financed by the European Union through the Intelligent Energy - Europe Program (I.E.Ε.), was to create a widely available complementary information system, with tools capable of assisting in the right choice of suitable appliances for a given central heating installation.

Succinctly, the projects’ final deliverable was a calculating tool for the estimation of central heating boilers’ annual efficiency as well as a large data base of hundreds central heating boilers that are available around Europe. Given the implementation of EPBD, this particular tool but also the data base can be used by energy institutions, engineers, energy consultants, installers and end users as supplementary tool in order to find a suitable boiler for a given installation - consumer’s behaviour- geographical data.

The information that the potential user might receive are the following:

1. List of central heating boilers of which satisfies the installation requirements and their classification will be in descending order, based on their efficiency.
2. Calculation of annual consumption of the fuel (oil or gas), in kWh.
3. Annual electricity consumption of the given installation, in kWh.
4. Total estimated annual costs of installation operation, in Euros.
5. Estimated annual savings in the case of replacement of the existing old technology of central heating boiler with other boiler of newly technology or fuel, in Euros per year.

Partners:
Danish Gas Technology Centre (Coordinator), REPSOL YPF, S.A., Centro de Apoio Technologico a industria metalomecanica CATIM, LSBTP-NTUA
Project duration: November 2007 - May 2010
Financing: EC-ENERGY-IEE
Overall Project Budget: 607.920 Euro (303.960 Euro EC Contribution)
LSBTP-NTUA Budget: 99.660 Euro (49.830 EC Euro contribution)
Scientific Responsible: Prof. E.Kakaras

For more information please visit the web site: www.boilerinfo.eu/app/index